/*----------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------- HEADER FILES -------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------*/



#include<avr/io.h>
#include<string.h>
#include <util/delay.h>


/*----------------------------------------------------------------
------------- DEFINITIONS -------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------*/



#define DATA_DDR	 DDRC     // ENTER THE PORT WHICH CONTROLS
#define DATA_PORT 	 PORTC    //  THE DATA PINS D0 TO D7 


#define CONTROL_DDR	 DDRD     // ENTER THE PORT WHICH CONTROLS
#define CONTROL_PORT 	 PORTD    // THE CONTROL PINS
#define Enable		    2     // CoNNECTION OF ENABLE TO PIN OF ABOVE PORT
#define RS              0         // CoNNECTION OF RegisterSelect TO PIN OF ABOVE PORT
#define RW              1         // CoNNECTION OF Read/~Write TO PIN OF ABOVE PORT
#define CONTROL_MASK     0X07     // CHANGE THIS VALUE CONSIDERING THE PINS ABOVE AS HIGH


/*----------------------------------------------------------------
-------------CONTROL BITS OF LCD --------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------*/

#define Set_Enable  				CONTROL_PORT |=_BV(Enable)           // THE MACROS HERE ARE
#define Clear_Enable 				CONTROL_PORT &=~_BV(Enable)          //SELF EXPLANATORY
#define Write_Lcd			    	CONTROL_PORT &=~_BV(RW)              //
#define Read_Lcd			   		CONTROL_PORT |=_BV(RW)       //
#define Select_InstructionRegister 	CONTROL_PORT &=~_BV(RS)                      //
#define Select_DataRegister	    	CONTROL_PORT |=_BV(RS)                       //
#define Data_Lcd(b)					DATA_PORT=b                  //
#define delay(b)					_delay_ms(b)                  //



/*----------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------FUNCTION DECLARATIONS ---------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------*/

void Init_Ports(void);                // Initialise Ports , Necessary for selecting input output pins in the MCU
void Init_Lcd(void);                  // Initialise LCD   , Necessary for starting and clearing LCD screen
void Lcd_Send(unsigned char a);       // For sending a character to the LCD                 
void newline(void);                   // For printing characters on the next line in the LCD



/*----------------------------------------------------------------
----------------MAIN FUNCTION--------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------*/
void main()
{
int len,len1,len2;
char str1[] = "Ankit Daftery";         // String to be printed in 1st line
char str2[] = "'Tronix & Proud";       // String to be printed in 2nd line
Init_Ports();                       
Init_Lcd();                           
len1=strlen(str1);
len2=strlen(str2);

	for (len=0;len<len1;len++)     // Printing the first string
	Lcd_Send(str1[len]);

newline();                            // Go to new line
	
	for (len=0;len<len2;len++)    // Printing the 2nd string
	Lcd_Send(str2[len]);

}
	
	

/*----------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------SEND A CHARACTER TO LCD-------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------*/
void Lcd_Send(unsigned char a)
{
Select_DataRegister;                        // Declares information that follows as data and not instruction
Write_Lcd;                                  // Declared information is to be written
Data_Lcd(a);                                // Send the character passed to the function to LCD to write
Set_Enable;                                 // Sets enable,
delay(5);                                   // and then
Clear_Enable;                               // Clears it,
delay(5);                                   // to be ready for next character.
}

 	
	



/*----------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------FUNCTIONS TO INITIALIZE PORTS--------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------*/
void Init_Ports(void)
{
DATA_DDR=0XFF;                                        //  Setting data port for output
CONTROL_DDR=CONTROL_MASK;                            //   Setting selected pins of control port for output
CONTROL_PORT&=~(_BV(Enable)|_BV(RS )|_BV(RW));       //   Setting values to 0 at start
}




/*----------------------------------------------------------------
------------FUNCTION TO INITIATE LCD -----------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------*/
void Init_Lcd(void)
{
char init[10];
 int i;
 init[0] = 0x01;                          // Initialises the display
 init[1] = 0x38;                          // 8 - Bit Operation, 2 Line Display,5*8 Dot Character Font
 init[2] = 0x0e;                          // Turns on display and cursor
 init[3] = 0x06;                          // Entry Mode Set 
 init[4] = 0x80;                          // Sets DDRAM address to beginning of screen

Select_InstructionRegister;

Write_Lcd;
delay(15);
	
	for(i=0;i<5;i++)
	{
	Data_Lcd(init[i]);
	Set_Enable;
	delay(5);
	Clear_Enable;
	delay(5);
	}
}


/*----------------------------------------------------------------
------------FUNCTION TO GOTO NEXT LINE IN LCD --------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------*/


void newline(void)
{
delay(5);
Select_InstructionRegister;                  // Declares information to follow as instruction
Data_Lcd(0xc0);                              // Code to go to next line of LCD
Set_Enable;                                  //  --  Enable cycle  --
delay(5);                                    // |                    |
Clear_Enable;                                // |                    |  
delay(5);                                    //  --                --
}